Ewa Dziemian, Barbara Machnicka
Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda str 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
Summary
The object of present study is to explain the late appearance of specific T. spiralis antibodies in humans and animals after infection, as well as examine the dynamics of antibodies, circulating antigens and immune complexes in parallel, depending on the infective dose. The immunological parameters were investigated from the 1st day post infection (dpi) until the 6th month post infection (mpi).The rats were infected with different doses of T. spiralis larvae: 500, 700, 1000, 1200, 1900 and 2500. They were examined for presence of specific antibodies to larval metabolic and somatic antigens separately, circulating antigens and circulating immune complexes. The circulating antigens were present in rat sera from the 3rd to the 30th dpi. The level of circulating antigens was the highest at the 5th dpi and was dependent on infective dose being the highest in sera of rats infected with 2500 larvae. Specific antibodies of both classes were observed from day 20 pi till the end of the experiment. IgG antibodies showed a higher level than IgM. The level of both classes of antibodies was higher when examined with larval metabolic antigen than with the somatic one and was the highest in sera of rats infected with 1900 larvae. The peak levels of circulating immune complexe were detected between 4th and 15th dpi. The investigations showed the presence of T. spiralis antigens as well specific antibodies of IgM and IgG in circulating immune complexes.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 67-70, 2000
Regional incidence of human trichinellosis outside the outbreak focuss F. Ondriska, M. Pochybova1, V. Kultan1, A. Smiesna1, M. Lesnakova2, K. Danova3, V. Mihalkova3, M. Duliková4, M. Kuchtova5, M. Liska5, A. Streharova6 HPL, (Ltd) Mi;crobiological Laboratory, Istrijská 20, 641 07 Bratislava; 1Hospital with Policlinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Palučanska 25, Liptovský Mikuláš; 2Hospital with Policlinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Považská 2, 034 12 Ružomberok; 3Hospital with Policlinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Špitálska 2, 071 80 Michalovce; 4Hospital with Policlinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Špitálska 6, 95001 Nitra; 5Hospital with Policlinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Mederčská 5 945 75 Komárno; 6Hospital with Policlinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, A. Žarnova 11, 917 75 Trnava, Slovak RepublicSummary
Trichinellosis was confirmed in 73 patients from various regions of the Slovak Republic, infected with the same smoked sausages that elicited infection in 246 individuals at the outbreak village of Valaská. The disease was taking a mild course with the incubation period 4-51 days, on ave-rage 26.2 days. Most of the patients showed medium and high anti-Trichinella antibody titres. Unlike in the outbreak at Valaská, patients from other regions exhibited no dif-ferences in seropositivy between males and females or a-mong individual age categories. The antibody titres were falling very slowly after an effective treatment with mebendazole, but in most patients they persisted for a long ti-me. All patients exhibited eosinophilia ranging from 4 % to 58 %, correlating with the level of anti-Trichinella anti-body titres.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 71-76, 2000
In vitro cultivation of equine Cyathostominae with particular reference to arrested development
I. Jankovska, I. Langrova, V. Rada
Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology and Fishery and Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, E-mail: Jankovska@af.czu.czSummary
Third-stage larvae of equine cyathostomes were cultured in various culture systems for 57 days. Culture systems con-taining the medium NCTC-135, chick embryo extract, foe-tal calf serum and casein hydrolysate and incubated in an atmosphere of 10 % CO2, 5 % O2 and 85 % N2 were most successful in supporting growth from early third stage to early fourth stage larvae. Moulting began 22 days post ino-culation in 40 % of larvae and approximately 20 % of in-fective larvae exsheathed.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 77-82, 2000 Differentiation and structure of a uterus for Nippotaenia mogurndae Yamaguti et Miyato, 1940 (Cestoda: Nippotaeniidea)
V.G. Davydov, J.V. Korneva1
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sankt-Petersburg, 199034, Russia 1Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Science, 152742, Borok, Yaroslavl, Russia, e-mail: janetta@ibiw.yaroslavl.ru
Summary
The formation and structure of the uterus in the cestode Nippotaenia mogurndae were studied by transmission e-lectron microscopy. The process of uterine differentiation can be divided into three main stages.
In the first stage, aggregation of undifferentiated cells leads to the syncytium formation. In the second stage, as a result of active autophagic processes, the uterine cavity is formed. Then the uterus is separated from a parenchyma by the interstitial basal plate and is surrounded by bands of circular muscle. For cestodes the unique relationship bet-ween eggs and uterine wall the so called placental-like in-teraction, was found.HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 83-88, 2000 Observations on Retinometra longivaginata (Fuhrmann, 1906) and R. longicirrosa (Furhmann, 1906) (Hymenolepididae), with special emphasis on the structure of the male copulatory apparatus
J. K. MACKO, V. HANZELOVA, A. MACKOVA*
Parasitological Institute SAS, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic, E-mail: hanzel@saske.sk; *Department of Experimental Botany and Genetics Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 041 54 Kosice, Slovak Republic, E-mail: amacko@kosice.upjs.skSummary
Research of Retinometra longivaginata (Fuhrmann, 1906) and R. longicirrosa (Fuhrmann, 1906) showed the presence of a morphologically peculiar ring, called ad hoc praepu-tium ciri, situated on the protruded cirrus of both species. This tegument has also been observed in the revised type specimen of Hymenolepis longivaginata Furmann, 1906. Moreover, data on inadequately studied characters have been expanded. The two species are registered in Slovakia for the first time.
The findings are discussed morphologically and taxonomically, mainly in relation to the genera Retinometra Spas-sky, 1955 and Cladogynia Baer, 1937.HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 89-95, 2000 Metazoan parasites of the recently established tubenose goby (Proterorhinus marmoratus: Gobiidae) population from the South Moravian reservoir, Czech Republic
B. KOUBKOVA, V. BARUS1
Department of Zoology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno,Czech Republic, E-mail: koubkova@sci.muni,cz; 1
Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech RepublicSummary
Species diversity of metazoan parasites in the recently es-tablished freshwater population of the tubenose goby (Pro-terorhinus marmoratus) in the Czech Republic was stu-died. Thirteen parasite species were found (Diplostomum spa-thaceum, Tylodelphys clavata, Apatemon cobitidis prote-rorhini, Proteocephalus sp., Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, Raphidascaris acus, Camallanus lacustris, Anguillicola crassus, Philometra ovata, Acanthocephalus lucii, A. an-guillae, Glochidium sp. and Argulus foliaceus). The most prominent feature of species diversity is the extremely low infection rate of parasites with the exception of digenean metacercariae. The parasite infracommunities consist of one to five species, in twenty-nine combinations. The highest frequency of infracommunities formed of two and three parasitic species was found. In infracommunities, do-minant elements are usually metacercariae of digeneans, other parasitic species are only satellites. Metacercariae of digeneans infect fish in their juvenile stage of develop-ment, other parasitic species were found in fish of standard body length of 35-36 mm and larger, that is age 1+ and more. On the basis of analysis of parasite biodiversity and their infection rates, we conclude that the process of acquiring local parasites in the tubenose goby is still not completed. The tubenose goby is serving as definitive or paradefinitive host for four parasite species, as obligatory intermediate host of four, and as paratenic host of five helminth species.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 79-111, 2000
Variability and systematic status of Lutztrema attenuatum (Dujardin, 1845) comb. n. (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) parasitizing passeriform birds
J. SITKO, J. OKULEWICZ1, L. NOGA2
Comenius Museum, Moravian Ornithological Station, Horní nám. 1, 751 52 Přerov, Czech Republic; 1Department of Biology, University of Medicine, Miculicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; 2Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine, Miculicza-Radeckiego 9, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland Summary5 076 specimens of Lutztrema attenuatum were found in 2 575 passeriform birds from Czech Republic and Poland. Main hosts are Turdus merula, T. pilaris, T. philomelos, subsidiary hosts are Sturnus vulgaris and Sylvia atricapilla. Trematodes reach their largest size in T. merula, T. pi-laris, S. vulgaris, in T. philomelos and S. atricapilla, reach a smaller size. Studying the course of the intestine, it was found that Brachylecithum attenuatum belongs to the ge-nus Lutztrema. Examination of type material and its eva-luation with statistical methods, revealed that L. monente-ron, L. microstomum, L. obliquum, L. sturni and L. skrjabi-ni are synonyms of L. attenuatum. Based on literary data, L. colorosum and L. bhattacharyai are classified among its synonyms. Moreover L. spinosum was found to be a syno-nym of Brachylecithum parvum and L. sinense of Brachylecithum ventricosum.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 37, 2: 113-117, 2000
Occurrence and ecology of Longidoridae (Nematoda:Dorylaimida) in floodplain forests in the Slovak RepublicM. LISKOVA, *D. STURHAN
Parasitological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic; *Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Institut fur Nematologie und Wirbeltierkunde, Toppheideweg 88, 481 61 Munster, GermanySummary
In the Slovak Republic, the occurrence of longidorid nema-todes was studied in floodplain forests along the rivers Mo-ravia, Danube, Bodrog, Latorica and Tisa. A total of five species were identified – Longidorus elongatus, L. euony-mus, L. intemedius, L. poessneckensis and Xiphinema di-versicaudatum. Longidorid nematodes were recorded at 96 % of the sampled sites. The most frequent species were L. poessneckensis, L. intemedius and X. diversicaudatum, which can be considered as longidorid bioindicators of flo-odplain forests. Some data on associations of individual nematode species to different ecological conditions and on vertical distribution are presented. For L. poessneckensis, morphometrics of females from Slovakia are given.