Specific antibodies in sera of patients infected with Taenia saginata
A. KAPALA, E. DZIEMIAN, B. MACHNICKA
Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland
SummaryThe level of specific antibodies belonging to IgM, IgG and IgA was examined in sera of patients infected with Taenia saginata. In ELISA were used somatic, surface and metabolic antigens of the tapeworm. The most frequently detected were IgA antibodies, in about 90 % of sera, than those belonging to IgM. IgA and IgM antibodies were the most frequently detected with somatic antigen, IgG antibodies which were revealed in the least percentage in sera, responding mainly with metabolic antigen. Applying "capture" ELISA to reveal circulating antigens, negative results were obtained for all the sera examined.The prevalence of systemic IgM and IgA antibodies is discussed; the first as the result of a probably change in surface antigens of the tapeworm and the second as reflecting immune response of intestinal mucosa.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 65 - 69, 1997
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 70 - 73, 1997
Presence of glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in filarial parasites
S. N. Singh, Arvind K. Srivastava*, R. K. ChatterjeeDivisions of Parasitology and Biochemistry*, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
SummaryFilarial parasites, Acanthocheilonema viteae, Litomosoides carinii and Setaria cervi females were found to have an abundance of intracellular glutathione; 75 to 90 % of which was present in its reduced form. Glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1. 9) activities were also detected in crude homogenates of these three parasites. The respective activities were 1.20 ± 0.55, 1.68 ± 0.39, 2.53 ± 0.07 and 0.029 ± 0.006, 0.038 ± 0.011 and 0.016 ± 0.005 nmol.min-1.mg-1 protein in A. viteae, L. carinii and S. cervi females.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 75 - 79, 1997
An investigation on different media for embryonation of Ascaridia galli eggs
A. PERMIN1, M. PEARMAN1, P. NANSEN1, M. BISGAARD2, F. FRANDSEN31Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology; 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology; 3Department of Ecology and Molecular Biology; 1—3The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Bülowsvej 13, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
SummaryAscaridia galli eggs were isolated from chicken faeces or from mature female worms. Eggs from both sources were embryonated in 0.1N sulphuric acid, 2 % formalin and vermiculite, respectively. The different cultures were incubated at 18°C for 5 weeks.For eggs cultivated in vermiculite 95 % developed into the third larval stage. Only 26 % of the eggs isolated from worm uteri and cultivated in 2 % formalin developed into the third larval stage, whereas 62 % of the eggs isolated from faeces and cultivated in 2 % formalin developed into the third larval stage. For eggs isolated from worm uteri and cultivated in 0.1N sulphuric acid, 41 % developed, in contrast, eggs collected form faeces and incubated in 0.1N sulphuric acid, started to rot (mixture of bacteria and fungi) after one week in the incubator. Week-old chickens were orally infected with doses of 500 fully developed eggs to test the infectivity of the 5 cultures. Eight weeks post-inoculation, faecal samples were taken from all chickens before slaughter and the egg excretion was determined. Furthermore, A. galli were recovered and counted. The infectivity of eggs originating from different embryonation methods was compared. The results indicated that eggs collected from uteri and embryonated in 0.1N sulphuric acid resulted in high infection rates with evenly distributed worm populations and high egg counts. It is recommended to use A. galli eggs harvested from worm uteri and embryonated in 0.1N H2SO4.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 81 - 85, 1997
Resistance of equine small strongyles to benzimidazoles in Slovak Republic
M. VARADY, J. CORBAParasitological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic
Summary
Trials were conducted in Slovakia on 2 farms to determine the efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintics against naturally acquired parasites of horses. 20 animals on each farm were divided into 2 groups (control, treatment) and resistance was tested by the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) with mebendazole 8.8 mg/kg (farm 1) and fenbendazole 5 mg/kg (farm 2). Ten days after treatment FECRT values indicated resistance to benzimidazoles in both farms when efficacy values ranging from 31.1—83.9 % were calculated. A larval development assay (LDA) and an egg hatch test (EHT) were also used to measure the sensitivity of eggs and larvae in vitro to thiabendazole.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 87 - 95, 1997
Nematodes of the family L o n g i d o r i d a e in the rhizosphere of grapevines in the Slovak Republic
M. LISKOVAParasitological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic
SummaryAt 133 localities throughout the vineyard areas of Slovakia 13 species of ectoparasitic nematodes of the family L o n g i d o r i d a e (genera Longidorus, Paralongidorus and Xiphinema) have been identified in the rhizosphere of grapevine: six Longidorus species (L. elongatus, L. euonymus, L. juvenilis, L. picenus, L. raskii, Longidorus sp. unidentified), one Paralongidorus species (P. maximus) and six Xiphinema species (X. diversicaudatum, X. italiae, X. pachtaicum, X. simile, X. taylori and X. vuittenezi). From all of these longidorid species four are known as vectors of viral diseases of grapevine - L. elongatus, P. maximus, X. diversicaudatum and X. italiae. In this paper the geographical distribution, some ecological aspects of the occurrence of individual species and morphometrics of Lon- gidorus spp. are presented.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 97 - 103, 1997
Communities of soil and plant nematodes in two types of grass land
B. VALOCKA, M. SABOVAParasitological Institute SAS, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic
SummaryCommunities and distribution of soil and plant nematodes were compared in two types of grass land - young newly established ley meadows and permanent pastures. The distribution of nematodes in the soil profile was studied in depths of 0—20 and 20—40 cm. The highest population densities of nematodes were found in depths of 0—20 cm in both grass land types. The total number of genera of nematodes was 38 in the ley meadows and 43 in permanent pastures. Plant parasitic nematodes were dominant at most localities (92 %) in both grass types followed by bacterial feeders. Omnivores and predators were more abundant on permanent pastures than on ley meadows. The F/B ratio reflected a high proportion of bacterial feeders on ley meadows. MI (Maturity Index) values were higher on permanent pastures and reflected higher occurrence of omnivores and predators.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 105 - 111, 1997
First report and biological considerations of Dichelyne (Dichelyne) spinicaudatus (Nematoda: C u c u l l a n i d a e) parasite of Cynoscion striatus (Pisces: S c i a e n i d a e) from the South West Atlantic Ocean
J. T. TIMI*, G. T. NAVONE **, N. H. SARDELLA**Laboratorio de Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, (7600) Mar del Plata, Argentina; **Centro de Estudios Parasitologicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE) - Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 2 No 584, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
SummaryNematodes collected from Cynoscion striatus caught in the Argentine - Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone were identified as Dichelyne (D.) spinicaudatus; this finding represents the first record of the genus Dichelyne, subgenus Dichelyne in the South West Atlantic Ocean.Seasonal and possible transmission patterns of these nematodes in relation to the feeding habits of the host were also examined.
HELMINTHOLOGIA, 34, 2: 113 - 117, 1997
The life cycle of Centrocestus unequiorchalis sp. n. (H e t e r o p h y i d a e: Centrocestinae) in experimental conditions
A. I. SAADDepartment of Zoology, Aswan Faculty of Science, Egypt
SummaryThe life cycle of Centrocestus unequiorchalis sp. n. was described. Detailed description of different stages included: Description of cercaria from Melania tuberculata snails for the first time and the differences between it and cercaria of Haplorchis pumilio.Description of metacercaria from Oreochromys niloticus fish and adult stage from albino rats and ducklings. Comparison between the present parasite and the previously described Egyptian forms.